Tondo Smart Lighting also creates an open standards-based Smart City network for connecting sensors and other wireless and wired devices to Tondo's Cloud-IQ management platform.
This can reduce sensor and device deployment costs by 80% or more versus proprietary networks or individual cellular connections, with a 2.7x or greater benefit versus your LED retrofit project, and 3.5x over Smart Lighting alone.
Read more about the Business Case for Smart Lighting on this link.
Normally open(NO) and Normally closed (NC) are terms used to define the states that switches, sensors or relay contacts are under when they are not activated.
A NO contact or a normally open contact is the one that remains open until a certain condition is satisfied such as a button being pressed or some other manner of activation such as those based on temperature, pressure, etc.
A NC contact or normally closed contact is the exact opposite of NO contact by function. It remains closed until a certain condition is satisfied.
Lighting control cabinets typically control a group of street lights or advertising signage from a "control cabinet". These controls have historically provided on-off functionality based on the time of day using an "astronomical clock"-based switch or daylight photosensor. Lights are controlled in groups with no individual control over a specific light.
Although new controllers such as Tondo's Edge-IQ controller have replaced the cabinet-based approach with new technologies that include advanced dimming, remote cloud-control, and support for functionality including sensors and switches, there are many outdoor lights and signs that do not support on-lamp control. Tondo's Cabinet-IQ controller provides new advanced IoT technology support for existing cabinet-controlled lighting.
CAT-M/LTE-M and NB-IoT are similar but have differences that may make one suitable over another, or simply selected based on the support for one or the other that is available in your area.
NB-IoT uses a narrow bandwidth of 200 kHz, where CAT-M uses 1.4 MHz. The maximum data rate for NB-IoT is ~ 250 kb per second, with CAT-M1 reaching ~ 1 Mbps. CAT-M is marginally less energy efficient than NB-IoT. Although NB-IoT has a lower speed, both NB-IoT and CAT-M are suitable for sensor communications since sensors typically do not require much bandwidth.
Both NB-IoT and CAT-M1 are supported under the 5G technology specifications and therefore are ideal for selecting as a standard for sensor communications.
CAT-M wireless (aka LTE-M) is a low-power wide area network (LPWAN) cellular data transmission standard that operates over the data and physical layer. CAT-M was designed for IoT projects, with an average upload speed between 200 kbps and 400 kbps.
Eddystone is an open-source Bluetooth advertising protocol originally designed by Google. It can be used by mobile device applications to deliver improved proximity-based experiences that include applications such as Google Maps.
These packets can be discovered with any Bluetooth LE APIs such as Core Bluetooth on iOS, or android.bluetooth.le on Android. You can also use them with Google’s Nearby Messages API, which can be integrated into an iOS or Android app, and receive “messages” in those apps when a person enters or exits a range of beacons.
Tondo's 2022 estimate was calculated for each lighting category by applying market growth factors for each lighting category between 2015 and 2021 based on U.S. Census data to the DOE dataset.
A RESTful API is an architectural style for an application program interface (API) that uses HTTP requests to access and use data.
The API spells out the proper way for a developer to write a program requesting services from an operating system or other application.
You can read more from the source of this definition at TechTarget here.
A DIN rail is a metal rail of a standard type widely used for mounting circuit breakers and industrial control equipment inside equipment racks.
IP stands for "ingress protection". For IP67, this means:
"6" describes protection of solid particles: No ingress of dust; complete protection against contact (dust-tight). A vacuum must be applied. Test duration of up to 8 hours based on airflow.
"7" describes the protection from water: Ingress of water in harmful quantity shall not be possible when the enclosure is immersed in water under defined conditions of pressure and time (up to 1 meter (3 ft 3 in) of submersion). Test duration: 30 minutes.
Modbus is a data communications protocol originally published in 1979. Modbus has become a de facto standard communication protocol and is now a commonly available means of connecting and communicating with industrial electronic devices.
RS-485, also known as TIA-485(-A) or EIA-485, is a serial communications standard.
Electrical signalling is balanced, and multipoint systems are supported. Digital communications networks implementing the standard can be used effectively over long distances and in electrically noisy environments.
4G devices will work on 4G LTE networks and the earlier cellular technologies, including 3G, EGPRS, and 2G.
Smart city sensors require very little bandwidth, and 3G EGPRS and 4G LTE can easily support the required data rates.
5G networks are relatively new, and most 5G deployments use a combination of 4G and 5G networks.
DALI-2 refers to the latest version of the DALI protocol. While DALI version 1 only included control gear, DALI-2 includes control devices such as application controllers and input devices (e.g. sensors), as well as bus power supplies.
Zhaga Book 18 describes a smart interface between outdoor luminaires and sensing/ communication nodes.
Zhaga Book 18 allows any certified node to operate with any certified luminaire. Certified luminaires and sensing / communication modules are available from multiple suppliers, establishing an ecosystem of compatible products.
The NEMA ANSI C137.4-2021 builds on the NEMA C137.41 7-pin connector standard and the DALI communication protocol. It has additional characteristics and features that align very closely with the D4i family of specifications from the DALI Alliance.
D4i and ANSI C137.4-2021 specify the digital communication between luminaires and devices including sensors and network lighting controllers. The expanded ANSI C137.4-2021 now includes energy reporting data and diagnostics and maintenance data.
The NEMA ANSI C137.10 standard specifies roadway and area lighting equipment connector compatibility. The 3-pin standard does not provide for dimming control, but provides for on/off operation. The later standard C137.41 adds dimming control (5- and 7-pin connectors) and sensor control (7-pin connectors). The newer C137.4-2021 standard provides enhanced functionality and compatibility with the DALI D4i lighting and sensor control standard.
The NEMA ANSI C137.41 standard specifies covers roadway and area lighting equipment connection interoperability. The 7-pin receptacle provides for dimming control and sensor communications.
The NEMA ANSI C137.41 5-pin connector variant adds support for dimming control, but does not include sensor communications support which is supported by the 7-pin connector.
DALI, or Digital Addressable Lighting Interface, is a dedicated protocol for digital lighting control that enables the easy installation of robust, scalable and flexible lighting networks.
Wiring is relatively simple; DALI power and data is carried by the same pair of wires, without the need for a separate bus cable.
The TALQ Consortium has established a globally accepted standard for management software interfaces to configure, command, control and monitor heterogeneous outdoor device networks (ODN) including smart street lighting.
This way interoperability between Central Management Software (CMS) and Outdoor Device Networks (ODN, so called ‘gateways’) for smart city applications from different vendors is enabled, such that a single CMS can control different ODNs in different parts of a city or region.
D4i is the DALI standard for intelligent, IoT-ready luminaires.
By taking care of control and power requirements, D4i makes it much easier to mount sensors and communication devices on luminaires. In addition, intelligent D4i LED drivers inside the luminaire have the capability to store and report a wide range of luminaire, energy and diagnostics data in a standardized format.
Highly reliable hardware, firmware, and software components that perform specific, critical security functions. Because roots of trust are inherently trusted, they must be secure by design. Roots of trust provide a firm foundation from which to build security and trust.
Read more at the National Institute of Standards and Technology: Roots of Trust
The 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 accuracy class electricity meters established within ANSI C12.20-2015 are accurate to within +/-0.1%, +/-0.2%, and +/-0.5% of true value at a full load.
Tondo's controllers utilize a chipset containing the ARM Cryptocell 300 cryptographic accelerator chip with hardware-protected vault and Root of Trust security. Read more about the ARM 300 family here: ARM Cryptocell 300 Family Overview
The world would collectively achieve 10,546 TWh of energy savings by 2030 [with energy efficient lighting], a sum comparable to over 40% of the world electricity generation in 2011. Saving this amount of energy would prevent the emissions of 5,400 Mt CO2, a figure equivalent to over 15% of the global emissions in 2011.
As cities around the world continue to adopt smarter, more efficient technologies, the economic case for smart roadway and area lighting controls becomes clear.
Tondo Smart Lighting solutions offer a comprehensive suite of benefits tailored for city streetlight operations and management. These include consistent and safe lighting, a zero-management technology platform, AI-enabled automations, smart city sensor and smart meter integration, safer lighting, improved energy efficiency, a reduced carbon footprint of roadway and area lighting, reduced lighting maintenance costs, remote control and monitoring, AI-enabled fault detection, and seamless integration with existing city operations and maintenance software applications.
Prerequisite: Metered Streetlighting
For cities who own their own lighting assets and are currently on an unmetered rate plan, there is a significant opportunity for savings moving to a metered streetlight rate plan. Most utilities in the U.S. offer metered streetlight rate plans for cities who own their own assets.
In cases where city lighting assets are owned by their utility and electricity is bundled in a streetlight service, a city would need to purchase their energy from a third-party retailer in order to take advantage of metered electricity savings.
43% of electricity sold in the U.S. is sold in 18 “de-regulated” states, enabling cities to purchase electricity from an electricity “retailer” and have it delivered by their current “transmission and delivery utility” partner. As of June 2024, these states include:
California
New Jersey
Connecticut
New York
Delaware
Ohio
Illinois
Oregon
Maine
Pennsylvania
Maryland
Rhode Island
Massachusetts
Texas
Michigan
Virginia
New Hampshire
District of Columbia
U.S. states with de-regulated electricity, June 2024
Current Streetlight Operating Costs: A California City With 10,000 Fixtures
In this example, we consider 10,000 streetlights in a California city within the SCE utility territory. For cities in other jurisdictions, although the precise costs will vary based on their utility rate plans and number of fixtures, and whether they are currently on a metered or unmetered rate plan, and whether their fixtures are owned by the utility or by the city, the costs and benefits will demonstrate significant cash-flow positive benefits.
Tondo offers a free custom analysis for cities based on this model – contact us to let us help you understand your specific costs and benefits.
For this city controlling lights on a “dusk-to-dawn” basis, the current costs are estimated as:
Electricity: $1,064,355
Maintenance: $304,083
Non-Maintenance Management: $162,876
Carbon Credit Offsets: $44,136
The total annual streetlight operating costs used in this analysis are estimated at $1,575,451.
Savings from Tondo Smart Lighting
Sources of costs and benefits from Tondo Smart Lighting controls
The total cost reduction from deploying Tondo Smart Lighting is estimated at 67.7%, translating to $1,067,368 in operational savings for a California city with 10,000 fixtures in the Southern California Edison territory:
Energy savings: $799,939
Maintenance-related savings: $190,156
Non-maintenance management savings: $53,749
Carbon credit offset savings: $23,524
This 67,7% reduction in operating costs come from:
Migration to metered streetlighting rate plan: 36.1%
Correction of over-lighting to standards: 2.7%
Transition from Dusk-to-Dawn to ANSI/IES RP-8 roadway classification lighting: 12.0%
Extended fixture lifecycles and reduced maintenance costs: 12.1%
Operational efficiencies: 3.4%
Carbon credit offset savings: 1.5%
Project Break-Even and 20-Year Net Economic Impact for Tondo Smart Lighting Control + LED Retrofit, 10,000 fixtures, SCE Metered Rate Plan
This scenario projects a reduction in the cost of streetlight operations from $1,575,451 to $1,067,368 annually. A Tondo Smart Lighting project can offer full cost recovery in just 3.3 years and offers a 20-year net ROI of $15.47 million, equivalent to the 20-year value of $16.15m and exceeding the 5.1 year cost recovery from an LED retrofit project.
Project Cost Breakdown
The costs for implementing Tondo’s Smart Lighting solution consider a Southern California city with 10,000 fixtures and include:
Tondo Edge IQ Controller: $800,000 one-time
Tondo Cloud IQ CMS SaaS License: $141,588 annually
The total annual project cost used in this analysis is estimated at $2,164,217.
Methodologies for Calculating Savings
Analysis of over-lighting conditions in the City of San Jose, source: San Jose Open Data, June 2024
Savings from metered electricity rates are based on transitioning from an unmetered to a metered streetlight rate plan, which requires accurate monitoring and billing of electricity consumption. Tondo’s solutions comply with ANSI C12.1 and ANSI C136.50 standards, ensuring precise energy logging and potential migration to metered plans such as SCE LS-3.
Note that many utilities have not yet approved on-fixture energy metering for ANSI C136.50 compliant controls and any meters used under their metered rate plans must be approved for their rate plan use. As such, we have included the $114,771 cost of utility meters in our calculations that may be avoided in the event your utility approves the use of Tondo’s advanced energy metering capabilities.
Over-Lighting
Savings from correcting over-lighting are calculated by comparing the rated and commissioned wattage of fixtures. For example, an analysis of the City of San Jose’s lighting assets showed an 8.6% over-lighting based on 33% of their assets dimmed, leading to significant savings when dimming is applied appropriately. Given that only one-third of their assets were commissioned as dimmed, we might expect the 8.6% to be significantly under-estimated.
ANSI/IEC Standards-Based Lighting vs Dusk-to-Dawn Control
Available Dimming to ANSI RP-8-22 Based on Street Classification and Lighting Asset Data, source: City of San Jose Open Data, June 2024
Current dusk-to-dawn lighting unnecessarily delivers 100% of a fixture’s rated power to the pavement. Tondo’s AI-powered lighting controls deliver safer lighting according to North American ANSI/IES standards, reducing light waste by 50.3%. For example, a Local roadway with low adjacent pedestrian and cyclist traffic requires only 50% of the lighting compared with high adjacent pedestrian and cyclist traffic volumes.
Extended LED Lamp Lifecycles
Since 2010, “modular” LED fixtures have become available, enabling maintenance crews to replace the LED driver independently of the LED light panel. This can offer significant savings, as the lifecycles of LED light panels may be extended via dimming.
Impact of 50.3% dimming on fixture lifecycles when transitioning from dusk-to-dawn to ANSI RP-8-22 standards
By reducing operating temperatures through dimming, Tondo extends the lifecycle of LED light panels, decreasing fixture replacement costs, as has been shown in studies that describe the relationship of power, heat, and LED lifespans. The lifecycle of LED lamps with an average 50.3% dimming according to ANSI/IES RP-8-22 can be extended by 166%, significantly lowering maintenance costs.
Improved Operational Efficiencies
Tondo’s Cloud IQ CMS centralizes and automates streetlight management, providing real-time alerts and actionable insights. This greatly reduces the workload on city operations teams, with an expectation of a 33% efficiency gain and related cost savings.
ANSI/IES RP-8-22, Section 9.8.3 describes a number of expected efficiencies from the use of a CMS :
Preventive maintenance analysis
Inventory analysis
Work management analysis
Asset management
Electrical system maintenance
Asset tracking
Electrical safety equipment
Power metering and monitoring
Tariffs
Flat rate billing
Metered service
Meter accuracy
In addition to these basic capabilities, Tondo can provide AI-driven actionable insights such as:
Electrical wiring fault detection
Advanced electricity quality monitoring
Integration with maintenance dispatch systems
Identification of electricity theft
Identification of wire theft
Automation of lighting profile management for standards-based lighting delivery
Tondo’s Cloud IQ is a fully-managed cloud infrastructure that may be deployed on Tondo’s cloud or a city’s own cloud, eliminating the technology management burden on cities that would otherwise neutralize operational efficiencies, and ensuring cities have data sovereignty for all connected infrastructure.
Carbon Credit Costs and Benefits
CAL-CISO Carbon Emissions by Source, June 2024
With the growing emphasis on sustainability and net-zero carbon initiatives, carbon credit costs and benefits play a crucial role in evaluating smart lighting solutions. Tondo Smart Lighting contributes to carbon reduction efforts by optimizing energy usage and reducing the carbon footprint of streetlighting by the 45.11% savings realized from correcting over-lighting and roadway lighting standards. The source data for the carbon equivalents footprint of SCE’s energy was obtained from www.electricitymaps.com.
These savings, though modest compared to the overall project cost, contribute to the city’s broader sustainability goals. By reducing energy consumption and the associated carbon footprint, Tondo Smart Lighting helps cities meet regulatory requirements and environmental targets.
Conclusion
Tondo Smart Lighting solutions offer a robust, cost-effective approach to modern streetlight management. By leveraging advanced technologies like AI and deep learning, cities can achieve significant economic benefits, enhance safety, and pave the way for smarter infrastructure. As cities continue to seek sustainable and efficient solutions, Tondo Smart Lighting stands out as the leader in transforming roadway and area lighting operations.
For a customized cost-benefit analysis tailored to your city’s specific needs, contact us here at Tondo through this website. For a detailed review of the business case, please refer to the full document available here.
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